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Although the times and family make-up
have changed dramatically, the foundational principles of
intelligent parenting survive. Research has provided clear
fundamentals that direct children toward confidence, security,
and achievement. Furthermore, there are a fair number of day-to-day
options available in raising children from which parents can
choose.
The children of this millennium will continue
to be influenced by much more than their families; however, parents
and grandparents continue to set the important foundations. I
anticipate with enthusiasm sharing with my audience the cornerstones
of raising happy, achieving children based on my many years of
clinical work and my research with families. I have summarized
my foundational advice to parents in my book Dr.
Sylvia Rimm's Smart Parenting, in the main principles
I share with our viewers on NBC's Today show, in my syndicated
newspaper columns, and on my Family Talk public radio show.
A summary of my
top ten principles follows:
1.Take charge; don't overempower
your children.
Your children require leadership
and limits to feel secure. Envision the letter V. When children
are small, they're at the base of the V with few choices, little
freedom, and small responsibilities that match their small size.
As they mature, they should have more choices, more freedom, and
more responsibilities. Freedom and responsibility should increase
concurrently. Although limits remain, more freedom is provided.
Children will feel trusted and healthfully empowered. If you reverse
that V, however, and give children too many early choices and
freedoms, they will believe they should have all the choices.
They will resent rules and responsibilities and feel as if you're
stealing their freedom when you don't give them a choice or you
try to set reasonable limits. They will seek instant gratification,
total power, and expect to be treated as adults before they're
ready to handle the responsibilities of their overempowerment.
In adolescence, ordinary expectations of responsibility will cause
them to become angry, depressed, and rebellious. In plain English,
they will act like "spoiled brats."
2. Praise moderately to avoid
pressure; postpone superpraise.
Praise conveys your
values to your children and sets expectations for them. A
lack of praise conveys the message that you don't believe
in them. Reasonable praise statements, like good thinker,
hard worker, smart, creative, strong, kind, sensitive, set
high expectations that are within children's reach. Words
like perfect, the best, most beautiful, and brilliant set
impossible expectations. Children internalize those expectations,
and the expectations become pressures when children find they
can't achieve those high and impossible goals.
3. Don't discuss children's
problem behaviors within their earshot (referential speaking).
Discussion about children
among adults also sets expectations for the children. If they
hear talk between parents and grandparents or parents and
adult friends about how jealous or mean they are, if they're
referred to as "little devils" or "ADHD"
kids, if they're constantly described as shy or fearful, they
will assume adults are telling the truth and believe they
can't control these problem behaviors. On the other hand,
if they hear adult talk about their positive behaviors, their
confidence will increase and so will their positive behaviors.
4. Build resiliency; don't
rescue your child from reality.
Although children need
protection, overprotection encourages dependency and oversensitivity.
You can be kind without being oversympathetic. Your children
will need to learn to recover from losses and failures, and
independence and resiliency will permit them to triumph over
obstacles.
5. Stay united, be willing
to compromise, and try to say good things about your child's
other parent.
Leaders in a family
that lead in two opposite directions confuse children. Children
will not respect parents who show no respect for each other.
Describing your child's other parent as an "ogre"
or "dummy" may make you feel like a good parent
temporarily, but your sabotage will backfire, and your child
will no longer respect either of you. This is especially hard
after divorce, but it is even more important in divided families.
United guidance also holds true for grandparents. It's important
for grandparents to be supportive of their children's parenting
and equally important for parents to be respectful of their
own parents, their children's grandparents. Disrespect among
adults in the family will be interpreted by children as parent
permission to be disrespectful.
6. Hold teachers, education,
and learning in high regard.
Set children's education
as your first priority. That will become most clear if they hear
how much their parents and grandparents value learning. Tell them
about the best teachers you've had and elevate their teachers
as well. Set expectations for higher education early so they will
assume education does not stop after high school.
7. Be positive about your
own work and that of your child's other parent.
If adults walk in the
door and complain about their work daily, children will develop
an "anti-work" attitude. They'll complain similarly
about their own schoolwork and household chores. If parents
don't like their work, they should attempt to find better
work and remind children that education provides more job
choices. Also, they can at least explain to their children
that they are honest and responsible in their jobs.
8. Be a role model of ethics,
activity, and hard work. Locate other good role models for
your children.
Children watch their parents
and grandparents. When adults "get away with" speeding,
keep too much change, or are disrespectful to their mother (their
grandmother), children will notice. When parents are interesting,
ethical, and energetic, children will be equally impressed. Parents
and grandparents can be good role models without being perfect.
Other adults can be good role models for your children as well.
Introduce your children to friends and potential mentors who can
also be positive influences.
9. Enjoy learning experiences
with your child.
Too many parents of 20-year-olds
have sobbed in my office because they couldn't find time for their
children when they were growing up. Make time for learning and
fun with your children, and they'll be happy learners forever.
Instead of regrets, you'll have only wonderful memories.
10. Keep a separate fun time
and adult status without giving your children adult status
too soon.
Enjoy some adult life
without your children. Weekly dates and a few adult vacations
a year will keep you excited about life together or with friends.
Parents and grandparents should reserve time for adult conversations.
Give your children something to look forward to. They can
watch and wait and do child activities with the family. Permit
yourself the enjoyment and adult relationships that you've
earned by your hard work. Permit them the security of growing
gradually toward adulthood.
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